Brian Schiff’s Blog

So, I have made part of my living the past several years helping people overcome shoulder pain.  I often laugh when I hear people say “how hard can putting together an exercise program really be?  It’s not rocket science or anything.”  Well, maybe not, but getting it just right may mean the difference between a healthy shoulder and really hurting.

There is a new study soon to be released saying weight training injuries are on the rise (especially in males).  In fact, injuries are up 50% from the period between 1990 and 2007.  The majority of these injuries involved free weights.  Many of the upper body injuries I see almost always involve the rotator cuff and/or labrum.  Why?  There are some primary reasons such as:

1. Improper form
2. Poor or absent spotting
3. Exceedingly high loads in what I term the “high risk” soft tissue zones
4. Too much volume/frequency
5. Lack of posterior chain strength due to pressing dominance
6. Too little recovery
7. Pushing through pain

What most people fail to understand is that the high repetition associated with weightlifting coupled with unfavorable biomechanical stress through long lever arms leads to eventual mechanical breakdowns/failure.  The basic translation = fraying, degeneration, tendinitis, tendinosis and tears.

This pattern equates to lost time in the gym and in some cases surgery.  The ironic part is the damage is often done in the early lifting years but not seen or felt for a decade or two later.  This is why the young twenty somethings like to debate me on the modifications I suggest for bench presses and such.  Yet, read what one former power lifter recently emailed me below: 

Yes you can count me as another one of your satisfied customers.  I followed your 6 week injured series religiously and have recently moved on the your healthy shoulder series.

My main concern at this point is to avoid injuring the shoulder again and I will follow your advice on the 7 bonus exercises listed.  My background fits the profile mentioned in your manual – 46 years old, former power lifter, injured dominant shoulder doing barbell presses about 6 months ago.  I have been doing presses for over 30 years and unfortunately never read about the scapular plane.

The take home message is that modifying the load and adjusting the arc of movement with certain lifting exercises will indeed prevent common shoulder injuries and keep you in the gym for many years to come without the fear of a lifting injury.

While the hard core lifters and competitors may scoff at my application of the science and my suggestions now, they may also suddenly come to realize the potential consequences of their ways when a debilitating shoulder injury hits.  Am I saying full range of motion and heavy loads are absolutely forbidden?  No, but I do think you should ask yourself how often and for what purpose am I doing certain lifts in certain ranges of motion.

Additionally, I am saying that insufficient muscular balance coupled with repetitive load to near failure will over time result in acquired laxity, accelerated tendon degeneration and potential mechanical failure.  Gravity and friction are two forces that will tear a shoulder down over time with exercises such as pressing, flies, dips, upright rows, side raises and push-ups to name a few. 

So, the next time you feel a “twinge” in the shoulder with lifting, it may be time to consider backing off and making some changes in your routine as time and experience has taught me the rotator cuff and A-C joint will eventually say "enough is enough."  If you want more information on my exercise modifications, check out my shoulder book at www.rotatorcufftraining.com.

So, do you own a TRX? I honestly think it may be one of the best fitness training pieces around for the money. It is versatile, travels well and builds strength, stamina, balance and stability.

I use the TRX to train clients of all ages and abilities from my elite swimmer to the middle age woman with knee arthritis.  Some of the biggest objections to getting in shape I hear are:

• No time
• Hate the crowded gym scene
• No money for personal training

So, my solution is to buy a TRX.  In this short video, I outline a continuous sequence of 7 exercises.  They are not intense, but they can be made more challenging by altering the body vector (moving your body in relation to the attachment point) and adding more time and sets within the circuit all with very little rest.  The sequence of exercises in the video are:

1. Single Leg Squats
2. Rows
3. Push-ups
4. Biceps Curls
5. Triceps Press
6. Saw Plank
7. Hamstring Bridges

I demo 5 reps of each exercise in the video to show you how to do it, but in reality you crank through each exercise for at least 30 seconds.  Using the TRX over the door anchor you can do this workout at home or on the road (and far more advanced exercises as well) in less than 20 minutes and see results.

So, say goodbye to all the objections and get yourself a TRX and door anchor if you don’t have one yet.  I am 100% confident you will love the workouts and add a new dimension to your fitness routine. 

From now until March 11, all my readers can save 15% on the TRX door anchor by visiting my OpenSky shop and using the promo code ANCHOR15.  Click here to visit my shop.  In addition to this discount, you are eligible to receive 10% off any of the spring promo items at OpenSky.   

To see the entire collection of items in the Spring promotion click here.

So, if you know me well at all, you know my first “law of exercise” is to ALWAYS know why you do what you do.  I read a newsletter by Mike Boyle yesterday.  He talked about being a cook or chef when it comes to exercise.  He advises those with less than 5 years of expereicne not to mess with the recipe much so to speak.  Since I have been doing this for 12 years, I consider myself to be much more of a chef.

I am constantly creating and tweaking my programming to deliver the best results.  So, when I decide to use a training aid or piece of equipment, I have to believe in it 100%.  My athletes and adult clinets alike love bands, vests, balls and training toys if you will.

But, I have to remind them (and myself at times) that the training aid exists only to further advance the original exercise or its desired outcome.  Using these things just for variety is not really a sound plan.  Today, I have a short video for you that reveals four progressive ways to use the Thera-band stability trainer.

I have used this in the rehab setting and in my fitness programs with great success.  Please note – all of the exercises I show you should be mastered on flat ground first.  After that, the stability trainer adds a great new dimension to the exercises and provides a very natural disturbance to balance and stability throuhg the kinetic chain that exists in sport and life.

Now, these are a just a small sampling of some of my favorite Thera-band trainer drills.  The cool thing about this item is that it comes in three different levels of difficulty moving from green (easiest) to black (hardest).  I tend to prefer the blue as it is middle of the road, making it easy enough for those without the skill of an Olympian and yet challenging enough for even the more advanced athletes.  However, starting with the green may be necessary for those with ankle/knee instability or limited experience with stability training.

You can grab your very own blue Thera-Band trainer in my OpenSky Shop.  Click the image below to head on over and get free shipping for a limited time as well.

Lately, I have been working with an elite swimmer hoping to make it to the 2012 Olympics in London.  It has been blast training her since she is so fit, driven and willing to embrace training with a smile each session.  I mean seriously, how many 16 year olds do you know that swim 5 hours per day, go to school, and train with someone like me 3x/week?

While I utilize many common exercises in her program, I definitely pepper in several ones aimed at maximizing core and shoulder strength/stability.  One of the exercises I use from time to time with her is a shoulder glide exercise.  I thought I would share this little gem today.

This is NOT an exercise I recommend for people with shoulder impingement, recurrent instability, poor shoulder mobility or those lacking a high level of fitness to begin with.  In other words, this is no sissy exercise and it can be dangerous if used improperly.

To start with, I had my swimmer do it with both hands.  Once she demonstrated the right form with ease, we progressed to this version in the video below:

So, if you are looking for a great way to challenge and improve shoulder and core strength, this is one to add to your arsenal.  Be wary of gliding out too fast as this is a sign your upper body and/or core is not strong enough to decelerate the motion effectively.  The pull back motion is a great way to strengthen the lats and swimming muscles as well, all the while exposing and resolving any single sided deficiencies.

According to research, more than 70% of people in the US will experience at least one episode of low back pain (LBP) in their life.  What is known about LBP and jogging?  Keep in mind running is an extension activity in the spine.  It also involves obvious repetitive compression/loading with ground impact.

A recent study in the Journal of Athletic Training (Sept./Oct. 2009) looked at the impact of lumbar paraspinal muscle fatigue and postural adjustments seen in running.  Poor lumbar extension endurance has been linked to increased risk for developing LBP.  In this study, researches looked at 25 recreationally active participants with a history of recurrent episodes of LBP and 25 healthy controls.

The testing process included:

1. 5 minute warm-up on the treadmill
2. 60 seconds of treadmill jogging at self selected pace
3. 1 set of fatiguing isometric lumbar extension exercise
4. Another 60 second treadmill jog at the same speed

For your reference, the fatiguing lumbar exercise consisted of repeated cycles of 10 second, gravity resisted isometric contractions followed by a 10 second rest on a lumber hyper extension chair.  So, what did the results show?

In a nutshell, those with a history of recurrent LBP showed much less postural adjustment with the muscle fatigue compared to their healthy counterparts.  The healthy subjects tended to exhibit a more forward trunk lean (1.1 degrees or less lumbar lordosis) and increase lateral bend during jogging gait.

On the flip side, those with recurrent LBP, they tended to stay more upright (0.2 degrees of additional lean on average).  The authors feel this may indicate a coping mechanism due to core instability and a way to effectively stabilize the spine.    Increased trunk lean would increase forces on the spine and intervertebral disc.  The lack of change in the population with LBP may help explain excessive fatigue in the muscles that support the spine, pelvis and hips.

So what does this mean for those who have LBP?  The postural change, or rather lack thereof, may be an Aha moment in regard to the need for improved core training for runners and athletes.  It should also indicate that long term running or athletic competitions may increase the risk for more frequent LBP or a greater back injury. 

There are three big takeaway messages here:

1. Include low back extension endurance training in your workouts
2. Integrate appropriate core exercises (planks, side planks, 3 dimensional exercise) to improve strength and stability of the hips, pelvis and spine
3. Get professional evaluation and training from a knowledgeable fitness pro if you have LBP